Effect of waste foundry sand and lime to clay soils in resilient modulus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14295/transportes.v22i2.679Keywords:
Waste foundry sand. Lateritic soils. Resilient módulus.Abstract
The effects of different contents of foundry sand (FS), in a lateritic clayey soil (LG’) and a non-lateritic clayey soil (NG’) and the addition of 3% of hydrated lime, on the resilient modulus (MR) were investigated. The cyclic triaxial test was performed on the specimens after curing periods of 0, 7, 28 and 84 days. Five models were evaluated according to their precision to represent the MR. Environmental tests were also executed on soil sand and soil sand lime mixtures. The results showed that the addition of FS reduced the modulus of LG’ mixes. Nevertheless, the mixes LG’ plus 20% of FS and NG’ plus 40% of FS and hydrated lime showed the highest results. Additionally, was observed that hydrated lime increased the MR, and this was more obvious at high curing periods. The environmental tests results indicate that FS reuse is not dangerous.
Downloads
References
AASHTO T 307-99 (1999).Standard Method of Test for determin-ing the resilient Modulus of Soils and Aggregate Materials. Amer-ican Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.
AASHTO (2002). Guide for Mechanistic-Empirical Design of new and rehabilitated pavement structures. http://onlinepubs.trb.org
Andrei, D., M. W. Witczak, C. W. Schwartz, J. Uzan. (2004). Harmonized Resilient modulus test method for unbound pavement materials. Transportation Research Record. 1874, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., pp. 29-37. (DOI: 10.3141/1874-04)
Baptista, C. F. N. (1976). Pavimentação, Compactação dos solos no campo, camadas de base, estabilização dos solos. Livro. Tomo II. Editora Globo. Porto Alegre, RS.
Boudreau, R. L. e Wang, J. (2003). Resilient modulus test – Tri-axial cell interaction. Resilient modulus testing for pavement components, ASTM STP 1437, G. N. Durham, W. A. Marr, and W. L. De Groff, Eds., ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
Dunlap, W. S. (1963). A report on a mathematical model describing the deformation characteristics of granular materials. Technical Report 1, Project 2-8-62-27, TTI, Texas A & M University.
Ferreira, J. G. H. M. (2002). Elaboração e análise da base de dados de ensaios triaxiais dinâmicos da COPPE/UFRJ. Dissertação (Mestrado) – PEC, COPPE/UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro.
Jung, C.; Bobet, A.; Siddiki, N. Z.; Kim, D. (2008). Long-Term Performance of Chemically Modified Subgrade Soils in Indiana. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 2029, pp. 63-71.
Washington D.C. United States. (DOI: 10.3141/2059-07)
Karasahin, M., Dawnson, A. R., Holden, J.T. (1993).
Applicability of resilient constitutive models of granular materials for unbound base layers. Transportation Research Record. 1406, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., pp. 98-107.
Klinsky, L. M. G. (2008). Proposta de Reaproveitamento de areia de fundição em sub-bases e bases de pavimentos flexíveis, através de sua incorporação a solos argilosos. Dissertação (Mestrado) – Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos – Universidade de São Paulo. São Paulo.
Leandro, R. P. (2005). Estudo laboratorial acerca da possibilidade de aproveitamento da cinza pesada de termelétrica em bases e sub-bases de pavimentos flexíveis. Dissertação (Mestrado). Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos – Universidade de São Paulo. São Paulo.
Little, N. D. (1999). Evaluation of structural properties of lime stabilized soils and aggregates. Volume 1: Summary of findings. National Lime Association. Estados Unidos da América.
Lovato, R. S. (2004). Estudo do Comportamento Mecânico de um Solo Laterítico Estabilizado com Cal, Aplicado à Pavimentação. Dissertação (Mestrado). Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre – Rio Grande do Sul.
Medina, J. De; Motta, L. M. G. Da. (2005). Mecânica dos Pavi-mentos. Livro, 2a Edição. Rio de Janeiro.
Moosazadeh, J. M., and Witczak, W. (1981). Prediction of sub-grade moduli for soil that exhibits nonlinear behavior.
Transporta-tion Research Record. Transportation Research Board, National Research Council Washington, D.C.
NCHRP. (1997) Laboratory determination of resilient modulus for flexible pavement design. NCHRP Web Document 14 for Project 1-28. Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C.
Oliveira, S.M.F. (2005). Estudo do comportamento mecânico de misturas de fosfogesso e cal para utilização na construção rodovi-ária. Dissertação (Mestrado) – Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos – Universidade de São Paulo. São Paulo.
Pan, T.Y., Tutumluer, E., Anochie-Boateng, J. (2006). Aggregate Morphology affecting resilient behavior of unbound granular ma-terials. Transportation Research Record. 1952, Transportation Re-search Board, Washington, D.C., pp. 12-20. (DOI: 10.3141/1952-02)
Solanki, P.; Zaman, M. M.; Dean, J. (2010) Resilient Modulus of Clay Subgrades Stabilized with Lime, Class C Fly Ash and Cement Kiln Dust for Pavement Design. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 2186. (DOI: 10.3141/2186-11)
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who submit papers for publication by TRANSPORTES agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant TRANSPORTES the right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors may enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of this journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in TRANSPORTES.
- Authors are allowed and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) after publication of the article. Authors are encouraged to use links to TRANSPORTES (e.g., DOIs or direct links) when posting the article online, as TRANSPORTES is freely available to all readers.
- Authors have secured all necessary clearances and written permissions to published the work and grant copyright under the terms of this agreement. Furthermore, the authors assume full responsibility for any copyright infringements related to the article, exonerating ANPET and TRANSPORTES of any responsibility regarding copyright infringement.
- Authors assume full responsibility for the contents of the article submitted for review, including all necessary clearances for divulgation of data and results, exonerating ANPET and TRANSPORTES of any responsibility regarding to this aspect.