Modelo integrado de apoio ao planejamento da rede de serviços no transporte ferroviário de cargas: aplicação para transporte de minério de ferro
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14295/transportes.v18i2.425Abstract
Resumo: Apresenta-se um modelo de otimização para auxiliar o planejamento tático ferroviário com visão integrada da rede (operações em linha e pátios), e que foi aplicado ao transporte de minério de ferro numa conhecida ferrovia brasileira, considerando o efeito congestionamento. O problema é de programação não linear inteira, e a solução foi obtida por um aplicativo computacional disponível no mercado. O objetivo é facilitar o planejamento da rede de serviços: quais trens (serviços) devem ser operados, sua frequência, e a sequência recomendada das operações e serviços desde a origem das cargas até o destino. A pesquisa de literatura identificou um modelo que, mediante adaptações, foi aplicado ao fluxo de trens com diferentes opções preestabelecidas de configuração, desde 11 pontos de origem até um terminal exportador e passando por três pátios intermediários, onde os trens podem ser combinados entre si. Os resultados variam conforme a abordagem adotada para a função objetivo, com diferenças significativas na frequência dos diversos serviços disponíveis e no uso dos pátios intermediários.
Abstract: This paper presents an optimization model developed to help tactical planning at railroads with an integrated view of the network (line and yard operations). The model was applied to iron ore transportation in a well-known Brazilian railroad, considering congestion effects. This is an integer nonlinear problem, which was solved by an optimization package. The objective is to help decision making related to service network design: which trains (services) should run, how frequently and what should be the recommended sequence of activities to be performed at intermediate yards from origin to destination of cargo. Literature research identified a model that could be modified and adapted to the flow of different predefined train consist options, which are operated from 11 mines toward an export terminal. Three intermediate rail yards may be used to combine train consists. Results are presented and vary according to the objective function approach, with relevant differences in service frequencies as well as in the use of intermediate rail yards.Downloads
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