The consideration of traffic loading effect on flexible pavements design and in hot mix asphalt design
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58922/transportes.v32i1.2888Keywords:
Asphalt Pavement. Traffic Loading. Pavement Design. Hot Mix Asphalt Design.Abstract
The asphalt pavement is composed by materials of various sources, such as soils, rocks, water, asphalt binder, cement, lime and other chemical additives, mineral and vegetable fibers, and geomembranes, and is submitted to weather exposure and traffic loads that are inherently uncertain in terms of magnitude, date, and conditions of occurrence. One can estimate rainfall and temperature variations, as well as traffic volumes and loads, but it is not certain whether they will occur or under what combinations it can take place during the pavement life cycle. Pavement performance is conditioned by the material types and thicknesses of the layers. This work was developed to better quantify the effects of traffic loading - improving pavement design – and particularly regarding the most important layer, resulting in a better Hot Asphalt Mixture (HAM) Design. Since the traffic effect depends on the pavement structure, structural parameters associated with distresses that are prevented during pavement design (fatigue cracking in the surface layer and rutting in the wheel paths) and a satisfactory HMA design (rutting within the asphalt layer) must be considered. Therefore, pavement structures commonly designed and built in Brazil are reproduced in software simulations considering traffic loading scenarios - based on legal records for weight limits - and different stiffnesses for the asphalt course layer, in order to assess the compaction effect on HMA. A mechanistic approach for load equivalence was performed and it concludes that increasing the stiffness of the asphalt layer decreases the equivalent damage the predominant pavement failure mechanisms (fatigue cracking and rutting) are taken into account. Finally, a caveat is made to the need for experimental validation for fatigue curves that considers the compaction level required to achieve the proper stiffness of the asphalt course for heavy-traffic load, considered ideal by the mechanistic analyses done in terms of load equivalence.
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